1838 Lydia Kamekeha Liliuokalani, Queen of the Hawaiian Islands and writer of the well-known Hawaiian song, Aloha Oe (Farewell to Thee)
In 1893 Liliuokalani tried to restore some of the monarchy's power through the political movement called Oni Pa'a (Stand Firm). But American settlers who controlled most of Hawaii's wealth disapproved of the queen's efforts and revolted against her. A republic was established in 1894. United States President Grover Cleveland tried in vain to restore Liliuokalani to her throne. Hawaii became a U.S. territory in 1898.
Liliuokalani made two trips to the United States after she lost her throne. She is perhaps best known today for her song, Aloha Oe, which became Hawaii's traditional farewell song. She was born in Honolulu, Hawaii.
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Marathonia
This ancient Greek festival commemorated the battle between the victorious Athenian army and the vanquished Persians. The historian Pausanias recorded that the battle sounds could be heard five hundred years after the terrible event.
Muin commences
The Celtic tree month of Muin starts today. Sacred to the god Lugh, Muin is a time for harvest, both actual and spiritual. Lugh represents spiritual and mental illumination.
"The Vine of the Ogham alphabet is the grape vine. Though obviously a more recently imported, cultivated species, unlike the other Ogham trees and shrubs, there is no doubt that the Vine has been known and propagated in the British Isles for a long time, its distinctive fruits and foliage appearing frequently on Bronze Age artifacts. Magical Associations: Fertility, inspiration, prosperity, binding. ”
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Feast day of St Mamas
This Cyprian saint befriended lions, milked lionesses and made cheese from the milk. When he hid from bandits in a Turkish cave, he was cared for by a pair of mountain sheep. At least two of his shrines are still visited by mountain sheep. Today at Morphou, Cyprus, two saltwater springs bubble blood with medicinal properties. His body, which was fragrant, signifying sainthood, had the ability to cure abscesses. Or, so it is said.
1726 John Howard, English prison reformer (died January 20, 1790)
John Howard, reformer
John Howard’s life is an example of what the wealthy can do with their good fortune. Though beginning his career as a lowly grocery worker, the English prison reformer inherited a fortune which he used to construct ‘model villages’ for his employees. Later he became shocked by the state of English prisons and dedicated his wealth to the fight for prison reforms.
1666 The Great Fire of London began in Pudding Lane, in the bakery of Thomas Farriner. It raged until the 6th, when it burnt itself out.
The fire that broke out on this day in Pudding Lane and ended at Pie Corner left 80,000 homeless but killed only six people. It consumed 89 churches, 13,200 houses and 430 streets. At the time it was widely believed that the ‘Protestant city’ was torched by the ‘popish faction’, or so the monument on Fish Hill, London, revealed.
The Great Fire of London
The only good things that came out of the Great Fire were the end to the plague and the rebuilding of the city. Starting in Farriner’s bakehouse on Pudding Lane, it destroyed 13,200 houses and many more buildings before being extinguished at Pie Corner.
1724 Margaret Dickson came back to life after hanging.
Half-hanged Maggy
On this day, single mother Margaret Dickson was hanged at Edinburgh for the crime of concealing a pregnancy in the case of a dead child. Somewhere on the six mile journey from the scaffold to the Musselburgh Cemetery, somehow the corpse of Ms Dickson revived. She went on to be reunited with her husband and to have several more children, and was known on the streets of Edinburgh, where she sold salt, as Half-hanget Maggy.
1922 Henry Lawson, one of Australia's favourite poets, died aged 55, poverty stricken and addicted to alcohol.
The world shall yet be a wider world – for the tokens are manifest;
East and North shall the wrongs be hurled that followed us South and West.
The march of Freedom is North by the Dawn! Follow, whate'er betide!
Sons of the Exiles, march! March on! March till the world grows wide!
Henry Lawson
Wilson’s poem to Lawson
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